Regulation for multiphase systems.



No. 894,539. I PATBNTBD JULY 28. 1908.

B. SOHILDHAUEREL A. RADTKE. REGULATION FOR MULTIPHASE SYSTEMS.

I APPLICATION -ILEI) IEB.B.1 907. QSHEETS SHEBT 1.

Inv EDI 1:11.75

No 894,539. PATENTED JULY 28, 1908. B. SCHILDHAUER & A. A. RADTKE.

v REGULATION FOR MULTIPHASE SYSTEMS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8,-1907.

a SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' Tnvsfi lzlr's WIIHEEEEE Alum A- Radike MM Edward ,Echlldhaur 3 ha VPATENTBD JULY 28, 1908; B. SGHILDHAUER &.A.'A. RADTKE. REGULATION FORMULTIPHASE SYSTEMS.

APIfLIGATION FILED PEB.8.1 907.

- UPS .AIUEPI A- REEJiKE IEIcdwar'a:l Ectnltlha uer WW m jar-115g.

a BATENT enrich.

,EDWARD. soHILDHAUER, or WAsHINe'romnIsrRIoT or'oo UMBIA,-ANI) ALBERT A;

- RADTKE, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

' REGULATION FOR MULTIPHASE SYSTEMS.

i To all 'wh'om it may concern:

, ,HAUER and ALBERT A. R'ADTKE, citizens of the-United States, residinrespectively, at;' 'Washington, District of Chicago, in the countyof'Cook and State of olumbia, Y and at Illinois, have invented a certainnew and useful Im rovement in Regulation for Multihase' ystenis, ofwhich the following is a ull, clear, concise, and exact description,reference being had to the accompanying draw ings, forming a part ofthis specification.

' Our invention relates to systems of regulation for multi-phasesystems, its object being cycles to 60 cycles.

to provide regulating mechanism and improved arrangement thereof forregulating 'thevarious circuits of a multi-phase alter- I nating currentsystem.

I It is customary at the present date to generate alternating current atthe central station at a low frequency, it being found thatrotary-converters operate most successfully at this frequency. Lam s andother trans- 0 not 0 crate-well at this low fre uency, and 60 cyc es isa cus- "tomary fi ure or their operation and hence theuse 0 motorgenerators to convert '25 In the business districts of large cities, itis also customary to use direct current -for which rotary converters areused to convert alternating current to direct current at usually 110volts. The transmission lines carry the current at a low frequency tothe substations Where the motor generators are situated to convert it tocycles for the residence districts/but Where these motor generators areemployed, complicated switch and controlling mechanism is necessary.

It is, therefore, the main purpose of our invention to provide a systemof control and regulation which requires less and simpler apparatus,consequently eliminating .the greater part .of the switchboard andassocia'ted controlling mechanism. Again our controlling system isautomatic in its operation. whereas in the motor generator systemsmore'or. less manual attendance and labor is necessary. By eliminatingthe motor generators which require a low frequency for efficientoperation, the central station machinery can supply 60 cycles directlyto the transformer su stations, and it is evident that great savingresults. I

We are aware of multi-phase controlling Specification of iiettersPatent. .App1ieatlon filed rebruu s, i907. Serial No. 35am.

Patented July 28, 1908.

l systems in which synchronous motors' are I Be it known that -we,EDWARD Scrum)- connected to the various branches or phases,

which synchronous motors are so excited as to produce either leading orlagging current in .the phase branches,.'.thereby offering a means forincreasing the power factor.

These systems are adaptable as. far as they go, but they do not go farenough in that complete regulationcannotbe accom lished.

In our system we also employ sync ironous machinery which maybeconnected in various ways with the line circuits, these syn chronousunits, however, bein joined together so that they will mutually andautomatically. assist each other in maintaining perfect conditions ofoperation. Take for example, in a three-phase 'system'a synchronousmachine is connected with each .hase circuit, but the armatures ofthese'mac ines are all mounted on a common shaft and their mechanicaldisplacement is 120 degrees. In other words, instead of having athree-phase armature connected with the three phases of the circuit,this armature is split into three arts displaced 120 degrees from.each'other ut mounted on the same shaft, each armature part beingconnected across one of the phase limbs. The excitation of the fieldsfor the machines may he accomplished from individual sources or from acommon source and may be controlled individually or in common. With thisarrangement the pressure is equally or otherwise 'pro iortionatelydistributed and maintained on the circuits.

The drawings which accompany this s ecification show variousarrangements w ich might be used.

Figure 1 illustrates the arrangement just referred to; Fig. 2illustrates a second 1nod1-- fication, and Fig. 3, another modifiedarrangement.

In Fig. 1, 1 represents a central station three-phase generatorfromwhich extend the main conductors 2, 3 and 4 and a neutral conductor5. The load or translating devices 6 are shown as supplied from'thetransformer 7 connected with the phase or branch 4, 5;

the translating devices 8 are fed from transthe armature 14 connectedwith the phase 110 anch =1, the synchronous machine l) has 'JlllltLl-UIBconnected with the phase '1 5, and the syncln'cnous machine 0 thearmature it connected with the phase inn-non 1?, 5. The field core 17for machine the field windings 18; the field core 1% for machine I) hasthe field windings 20, and the field core 21 for machine 0 has the fieldwindings 22. As shown in this figure a common source 23 of directcurrent supplies the fieldwindings of the'machines, there being an.adjustable resistance 24 provided in the field branch at machine a; anadjustable resistance for machine l: and an adjust ablercsistance ZSlcrmachine 6. The various field windings, however, could be supplied fromindividual sources, 1f desir d, and a common. adjustable resistancecould also be provided for the three field windings. The armaturcs is,15 and 16 really represent the phase sections oia three phase armaturedisplaced 120 degrees and are all mounted on a common shat" trepresented by the axial line 27. if one of the phase branches, forinstance, phascbranch 4, 5 should become overloaded, machine a will tendto lag, but the armature thereof being secured to the c0mmon. shaft 27,the machine will be driven as a generator and thus will compensate forthe overload. In other words, machines 3) and a will act to assume partof the load on branch it, 5, and will tend to keep the system balanced.

it the load on branch 4, 5, for instance, SlZiOdlO. l cine sudicientlydinnmshed, maloned n assist macl mes b and The istances for the machinesallow ulation adjustments, and when an .jz. t is once established, themachines will tend to maintain a corresponding line or servicecondition.

in i i shown an. arrangement in which the synchronous machines a, l andc are connected with the line the some as in Fig. 1, but in addition athree-phase synchronous or induction n'iotor d is snown connected with.the line conductors, the armature of this motor bein also secured to thecommon shaft 27. Each of the macl'iincs (L, 7) and c has an indi vidualiielc exciting source 128,29 and 30,respectively, and adjustableresistances 31, and 53 respectively in the li cl d circuits. The variousmachines attached to the common shaft ell ct each other mutually tomaintain equaliz. ion and regulation on the line.

In Fig. 3 are also shown the machines a, l) and c and a prime mover cwhich is connected to the common shaft 27, and this prime mover e may bean electrical n'iachine or a steam engine, gas engine, or the like. Eachof the machines is provided with the same exciting circuit adjustments,but in addition provision is made for mechanically adjusting the fieldcores of the macl lnes with res met to tho armaturcs'. This isillustlmtcd diagrammatically, a screwiet passing through a lug extendingfrom the motor bed 36 ano pivoted at its end to the field core at 37,the core being set in the cylindrical pocket 38. lpon turning of thescrew 34; the field core may be given. angular rotation in eitherdirection, thus affording additional means for controlling theregulation of the system b these machines. Any other arrangement albocould be utilized besides those shown, the main. feature beinginterconnection of the motors so that they will mutually assist eachother in maintaining regulation of the line'and efficiency of service.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent: p

1. in an. alternating current multiphase system, the combination of amain generator, the phase branches of the transmission line leading fromthe generator, and dynamo electric machines connected with the brancheswith the armatures thereof mounted. on a common shaft whereby eachmachine may be operated either as a motor or a generator.

2. In an alternating current multiphase transmission system, thecombination with the main generator and the phase branches leadingtherefrom, of a synchronous machine connected. with each branch, thearmatures of the machines being mounted on a common shaft whereby eachmachine may operate .ither a motor or a generator.

3. In an alternating current three-phase transmission system, thecombination with the main generator and the phase branches leadingtherefrom, of a synchronous machine associated with each branch with itsarmature connected to the conductors thereof, the armatures of themachine being mounted on a common shaft and having a displacement of 120degrees with respect to each other, said machines operating either asmotors or generators and cooperating to maintain an equal load in eachoi the phase branches.

4. In multiphase alternating current transmission system, thecombination with the main gener:-1tor and the phase branches leadingtherefrom, of dynamo clectriomachines connected with the branches andhaving their rotating parts mechanically connected whereby they mayoperate either as motors or generators, the armaturcs of the dynamoelectric displaced.

5. In an alternating current multiphase transmission system, thecombination with the main generator and .thc :hase branches leadingtherefrom, of a plurality of synchronous machines connected with thephase branches and having their armatures Inechanically -connectedtogether so that the machines may operate either as motors or eneratorsto cooperate to maintain equal oad on the phase branches, and mechanicalmeans associated with the field frames of the machines beingelectrically t ergy, consisting of a plurality of dynamo electricmachines connected to the hases of the system for supplying additionacurrent thereto and having their arinatures mechanically connected toether so that the machine on the phase W ich carries a light load willoperate as a motor to drive the othermachines which act as dynamos, and

means for regulating the field strength of said d amo electric machines.

7. poly phase genera-tor, translating devices connected to the differentphasesof the system 0 erated in connection with said. generator, ynamoelectric machines separate and distinct from the generator and connectedto the phases of the system for suplying additional current thereto, andmeans for connecting the armatures of said electric machines together sothat the machine which is connected to the phase of the generator thatcarries a light load Will operate as a motor to drive the other electricmachines which act as dynamos to supply additional'current to thesystem.

In witness whereof, We hereunto subscribe our names.

EDWARD SCHILDHAUER.

Jan. 30th, 1907. ALBERT A. RADTKE.

Feb..6,' 1907. Witnesses for Schildhauer:

WM. M. BEALL, E. M00. JoNEs. W'itnesses for Radtke:

CHARLES J. SCHMIDT, HARVEY L. HANSON.

